Replication, laboratories and research integrity

Who funded each cited study, and what relevant relationships did its authors or laboratories disclose?

The peer-reviewed paper names who supported the work and what its authors declared, and the company publishes no funding statement for a laboratory report.

The peer-reviewed paper the Validation page cites is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The published paper states that the work was supported by unrestricted grants from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc., and in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS), the KGH Foundation and the University of British Columbia Okanagan, and that its authors declare no conflict of interest; it also states: “A.R. receives consulting fees from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc.” Three of its 31 authors list C-POLAR Technologies as their affiliation. The work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health, grant AI132638, to M.K.M., which NIH RePORTER lists as Prof. Mansour's grant at Massachusetts General Hospital; the grant is printed in the paper's manuscript rather than in the published acknowledgments. A laboratory report is the issuing laboratory’s document. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; NIH RePORTER, project R01AI132638, read 20 September 2026, https://reporter.nih.gov/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Which named institutions actually performed the cited work, and which appear only in a method reference, publication or credential?

The Validation page keeps two lists apart, and each says a different thing.

Under Pathogens it names the institutes that tested NanoFlashing™: Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, University of Minnesota, Czech Academy of Sciences, Textile Testing Institute - Brno, Czech Republic, Tampere University, Finland, Instituto Valenciano de Microbiologia, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, The Open University of Hong Kong, and Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology. Under Peer-Reviewed it lists the affiliations of the authors of Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23.

An affiliation on a paper is where an author works, and it is not a statement that the institution performed a test. The work of the named institutes is cited as follows. Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026, a laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025, tested a MERV 15A filter medium under ISO 20743 and ISO 18184. Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología, Report D/26/B0483, 6 August 2026, tested a VOLZ PROsyntex PLUS PM1 70 filter medium against Aspergillus brasiliensis and Aspergillus niger under ISO 13629-2:2014. Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology, Report 2020FM20686R01E, 13 August 2020, tested a nonwoven filter medium against influenza A virus (H3N2) under ISO 18184:2014. The Open University of Hong Kong, Test Report IRITS2020007030001R1, 7 June 2021, measured bacterial filtration efficiency on a spunlace nonwoven by a method modified from ASTM F2101:2019, after accelerated ageing to ASTM F1980-16 equivalent to five years at room temperature. Hong Kong Metropolitan University is the same institute, renamed. Tampere University, Department of Virology, report dated 1 April 2021, tested a treated material against human coronavirus 229E and Coxsackievirus B6. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, report dated 29 April 2021, tested a treated material under ISO 18184. For Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Minnesota, the published record is the peer-reviewed paper. The paper reports laboratory results on SARS-CoV-2 in contact with treated textile, on aerosolised bovine coronavirus passed through a test filter in a wind tunnel, and on bacterial viability on treated textiles; each result belongs to the article that was tested. An institution’s name is not a result: what a named test found is stated with the article, and with the standard and the report number where the report carries them, and each report describes only the article it names.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026; Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología, Report D/26/B0483, 6 August 2026; Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology, Report 2020FM20686R01E, 13 August 2020; The Open University of Hong Kong, Test Report IRITS2020007030001R1, 7 June 2021; Tampere University, Department of Virology, report dated 1 April 2021; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, report dated 29 April 2021; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. A copy may be made available on our review of the request.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Has a separate laboratory reproduced the specific claimed result?

The company names the institution for each record it relies on, and the number where the record carries one, and it publishes no replication study as such.

What the company can state about a named test is the institution and, where the report carries them, the report number, the date, the standard and the article tested. The Validation page names the certificates and reports the company relies on, including Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, a single-pass fractional efficiency test on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter in an ASHRAE 52.2 test duct, in accordance with standard LMS aerosol test procedures, and Report 6847, ASHRAE 52.2 with Appendix J. A result belongs to the article and the conditions that were tested, and the Terms of Use state that a reported result describes only what the identified test found. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory. Report 6847 is on a 24 × 24 × 30 in. pocket filter and Certificate No. 15.06.011 on a ten-pocket bag filter, not on a flat panel filter, and a rating belongs to the construction that was tested and to the conditions in the report. The numbered reports on the pathogen testing of filter media are these. Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026, a laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025, tested a MERV 15A filter medium under ISO 20743 and ISO 18184. Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología, Report D/26/B0483, 6 August 2026, tested a VOLZ PROsyntex PLUS PM1 70 filter medium against Aspergillus brasiliensis and Aspergillus niger under ISO 13629-2:2014. Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology, Report 2020FM20686R01E, 13 August 2020, tested a nonwoven filter medium against influenza A virus (H3N2) under ISO 18184:2014. Each is a contact test on the medium against an untreated control, not an airborne result and not a result for a finished filter in a building. The Viruses page shows airborne virus at 1.3 m/s airflow, NanoFlashing™ beside a control, and states: “NanoFlashing™ captures the virus, and destroys it.” The Mold page shows airborne mold spores at 1.6 m/s airflow, NanoFlashing™ beside a control, and states: “NanoFlashing™ captures the mold, and destroys it.” The Mold page also states that researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, in a study with funding from the U.S. National Institutes of Health, tested NanoFlashing™ with more than 100 million live, dry spores driven in by fast-moving air.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/; Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026; Instituto Valenciano de Microbiología, Report D/26/B0483, 6 August 2026; Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology, Report 2020FM20686R01E, 13 August 2020; C-POLAR — Viruses, https://cpolar.tech/contaminants/viruses/; C-POLAR — Mold, https://cpolar.tech/contaminants/mold/. A copy may be made available on our review of the request.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Did the replication use commercially obtained material?

The company publishes no account of how a test article was obtained.

The Terms of Use state: “A reported result describes only what the identified test found.” Each numbered record is named with its institution and its number, for example LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105175501SAT-001, and Product Safety Labs, Study 65321. Report LMS#9904 is on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter, and a rating belongs to the article that was tested and to the conditions in the report. A report covers the article, the method and the conditions named in it.

Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/. A copy may be made available on our review of the request.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Were laboratory staff trained by the supplier before the allegedly independent test?

The company publishes no account of how a laboratory’s staff were trained.

The Validation page describes the testing it names as independent testing, each report is issued under the name of the laboratory that ran it, and Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ) is a laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025. The company names each report with its institution, and with its number where the report carries one, so that a reader can see which document is cited and check it with the body that issued it. A reported result describes only what the identified test found. Each certificate and report is named with the body that issued it, and with its number where it carries one, among them Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001.

A correction, an amendment or a confirmation of any of those documents is issued by the body whose name is on it. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/; Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Does a laboratory's accreditation scope include the particular method used?

An accreditation scope is confirmed with the body that granted it.

Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026, a laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025, tested a MERV 15A filter medium under ISO 20743 and ISO 18184.

The Validation page names the institutions and the records behind them, among them Product Safety Labs, Study 65321, Study 65322, Study 65323 and Study 65324, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001, and Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.” The company publishes no anti-forgery feature for a document, and a document is checked against the issuing body's own record. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/; Textile Testing Institute – Brno (TZÚ), Test Report AZL 26/0757-02, 3 July 2026. A copy may be made available on our review of the request.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Was any part of the study subcontracted to another laboratory?

The company publishes no subcontracting record, and it names each record with the body that issued it.

The company names each report with its institution, and with its number where the report carries one, so that a reader can see which document is cited and check it with the body that issued it. A reported result describes only what the identified test found. Each certificate and report is named with the body that issued it, and with its number where it carries one, among them Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001.

A correction, an amendment or a confirmation of any of those documents is issued by the body whose name is on it.

A count of documents is not a weight of evidence, and the company does not present several documents about one test as several tests. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can the original laboratory confirm the report's authenticity directly?

Each record is named with the body that issued it, and a document is checked against that body’s own record.

The Validation page names the institutions and the records behind them, among them Product Safety Labs, Study 65321, Study 65322, Study 65323 and Study 65324, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001, and Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.” The company publishes no anti-forgery feature for a document, and a document is checked against the issuing body's own record. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Is a report number unique to the complete study or reused for several amendments?

The numbering of a report is the issuing laboratory’s own.

The company names each report with its institution, and with its number where the report carries one, so that a reader can see which document is cited and check it with the body that issued it. A reported result describes only what the identified test found. Each certificate and report is named with the body that issued it, and with its number where it carries one, among them Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001.

A correction, an amendment or a confirmation of any of those documents is issued by the body whose name is on it. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Does the public report include all appendices referenced in its conclusions?

The company publishes no report, so it publishes no appendix.

The Validation page names each report and certificate in its tested and certified list by institution and number, including LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, a single-pass fractional efficiency test on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter in an ASHRAE 52.2 test duct, in accordance with standard LMS aerosol test procedures, and Report 6847, ASHRAE 52.2 with Appendix J, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105175501SAT-001, Product Safety Labs, Studies 65321 to 65324, and RST Rail System Testing, Reports P60-22-0003 and P60-24-0297. A copy may be made available on our review of the request. Confidentiality obligations may apply to a given report.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Are digital data files available in a format an independent analyst can inspect?

The company publishes no data file.

The Validation page names each report and certificate in its tested and certified list by institution and number, including LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, a single-pass fractional efficiency test on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter in an ASHRAE 52.2 test duct, in accordance with standard LMS aerosol test procedures, and Report 6847, ASHRAE 52.2 with Appendix J, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105175501SAT-001, Product Safety Labs, Studies 65321 to 65324, and RST Rail System Testing, Reports P60-22-0003 and P60-24-0297. A copy may be made available on our review of the request. Confidentiality obligations may apply to a given report.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can the analysis code reproduce the published tables from the raw data?

The company publishes no analysis code and no raw data.

The Validation page names each report and certificate in its tested and certified list by institution and number, including LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, a single-pass fractional efficiency test on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter in an ASHRAE 52.2 test duct, in accordance with standard LMS aerosol test procedures, and Report 6847, ASHRAE 52.2 with Appendix J, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105175501SAT-001, Product Safety Labs, Studies 65321 to 65324, and RST Rail System Testing, Reports P60-22-0003 and P60-24-0297. A copy may be made available on our review of the request. Confidentiality obligations may apply to a given report.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Were any images reused across samples or reports?

The company publishes no image from a report.

The company names each report with its institution, and with its number where the report carries one, so that a reader can see which document is cited and check it with the body that issued it. A reported result describes only what the identified test found. Each certificate and report is named with the body that issued it, and with its number where it carries one, among them Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001.

A correction, an amendment or a confirmation of any of those documents is issued by the body whose name is on it. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can apparent differences between laboratories be explained by a documented method difference?

Two records differ when they tested different articles, under different standards, for different things.

The Validation page names each report and certificate in its tested and certified list by institution and number, and each report names its own article and, where it has one, its standard, so two records can be compared on the same terms; the page also states: “Industry standards ASHRAE 52.2 Appendix J and ISO 16890 test electrostatic filters after their temporary charge is removed, showing how they perform without it.” A capture standard is not a destruction standard: ASHRAE 52.2 and ISO 16890 measure what a filter takes out of the air passing through it. A test on one article is not a result for another article, and a laboratory result is not a result for a building.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Does a report amendment alter a result or only correct an administrative detail?

An amendment to a report is issued by the laboratory whose name is on it.

The company names each report with its institution, and with its number where the report carries one, so that a reader can see which document is cited and check it with the body that issued it. A reported result describes only what the identified test found. Each certificate and report is named with the body that issued it, and with its number where it carries one, among them Eurovent Certita Certification, Certificate No. 15.06.011, and Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105169484SAT-001.

A correction, an amendment or a confirmation of any of those documents is issued by the body whose name is on it. Certificate No. 15.06.011 can be looked up at source in the Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 3, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Eurovent Certita Certification certified product directory, read 19 September 2026, https://www.eurovent-certification.com/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can a reader identify the scientist responsible for the technical interpretation?

The authors of the published paper are named on it, and a laboratory report is the document of the body that issued it.

The Validation page names each report and certificate in its tested and certified list by institution and number, including LMS Technologies, Report LMS#9904, 28 April 2025, a single-pass fractional efficiency test on a 24 × 24 × 2 in. pleated air filter in an ASHRAE 52.2 test duct, in accordance with standard LMS aerosol test procedures, and Report 6847, ASHRAE 52.2 with Appendix J, Intertek Building & Construction, Report 105175501SAT-001, Product Safety Labs, Studies 65321 to 65324, and RST Rail System Testing, Reports P60-22-0003 and P60-24-0297. A copy is not automatic, and confidentiality obligations may apply to a given report. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/. A copy may be made available on our review of the request.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Did a laboratory receive compensation dependent on obtaining a successful result?

The company publishes no payment term for any laboratory.

The company publishes no funding statement for a laboratory report, and a laboratory report is the issuing laboratory’s document. The peer-reviewed paper the Validation page cites is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The published paper states that the work was supported by unrestricted grants from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc., and in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS), the KGH Foundation and the University of British Columbia Okanagan, and that its authors declare no conflict of interest; it also states: “A.R. receives consulting fees from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc.” Three of its 31 authors list C-POLAR Technologies as their affiliation. The work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health, grant AI132638, to M.K.M., which NIH RePORTER lists as Prof. Mansour's grant at Massachusetts General Hospital; the grant is printed in the paper's manuscript rather than in the published acknowledgments. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23; NIH RePORTER, project R01AI132638, read 20 September 2026, https://reporter.nih.gov/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Were conflicts disclosed for consultants who selected the test method?

The company names no consultant who selected a test method, and the peer-reviewed paper prints its own funding statement and its authors’ declaration.

The company publishes no funding statement for a laboratory report, and a laboratory report is the issuing laboratory’s document. The peer-reviewed paper the Validation page cites is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The published paper states that the work was supported by unrestricted grants from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc., and in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS), the KGH Foundation and the University of British Columbia Okanagan, and that its authors declare no conflict of interest; it also states: “A.R. receives consulting fees from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc.” Three of its 31 authors list C-POLAR Technologies as their affiliation. The work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health, grant AI132638, to M.K.M., which NIH RePORTER lists as Prof. Mansour's grant at Massachusetts General Hospital; the grant is printed in the paper's manuscript rather than in the published acknowledgments. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23; NIH RePORTER, project R01AI132638, read 20 September 2026, https://reporter.nih.gov/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can an external reviewer access relevant negative findings under confidentiality?

A review that needs more than the company's published pages is arranged in writing, through [email protected] on the Contact page, and each request is reviewed.

The company sets out the property and how it is measured in its Statement of Classification. The polarity is a positive electric charge at rest. It is measured as surface charge density, in nanocoulombs per square centimetre. The charge is measured on every production run, and the measurement can be repeated on any filter, upon request. A charge is a physical property. It is not a substance or a mixture of substances.

Source: Statement of Classification for the NanoFlashing™ Air Filter, sections 2.2, 2.3 and 3.6, issued by NF Technical Products Inc.; C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Does a sponsor's right to review a paper include the right to veto publication?

The company publishes no publication agreement.

The company publishes no funding statement for a laboratory report, and a laboratory report is the issuing laboratory’s document. The peer-reviewed paper the Validation page cites is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The published paper states that the work was supported by unrestricted grants from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc., and in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS), the KGH Foundation and the University of British Columbia Okanagan, and that its authors declare no conflict of interest; it also states: “A.R. receives consulting fees from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc.” Three of its 31 authors list C-POLAR Technologies as their affiliation. The work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health, grant AI132638, to M.K.M., which NIH RePORTER lists as Prof. Mansour's grant at Massachusetts General Hospital; the grant is printed in the paper's manuscript rather than in the published acknowledgments. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23; NIH RePORTER, project R01AI132638, read 20 September 2026, https://reporter.nih.gov/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Is a preprint being described as peer reviewed before review is complete?

The paper the company cites is published in a journal, not a preprint.

The peer-reviewed paper is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The paper reports laboratory results on SARS-CoV-2 in contact with treated textile, on aerosolised bovine coronavirus passed through a test filter in a wind tunnel, and on bacterial viability on treated textiles; each result belongs to the article that was tested. The Validation page states that the science behind NanoFlashing™ was reviewed by other scientists and published by the American Society for Microbiology, and it counts 31 researchers, 18 institutes and 4 countries. The page lists the affiliations of the authors, among them Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, the University of Minnesota, the University of British Columbia, the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Charles University. The Terms of Use state: “A citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use.”

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Can a paper's citation count be separated from evidence that its result has been replicated?

A citation count is not a replication, and the company publishes neither.

The record the company cites is the peer-reviewed paper by Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23, with 31 researchers from 18 institutes in 4 countries, together with the certification bodies and laboratories named on the Validation page. The paper reports laboratory results on SARS-CoV-2 in contact with treated textile, on aerosolised bovine coronavirus passed through a test filter in a wind tunnel, and on bacterial viability on treated textiles; each result belongs to the article that was tested. The Terms of Use state that a citation, quotation, name, logo, link, or third-party test does not by itself mean that the third party sponsors, endorses, certifies, or approves C-POLAR, a C-POLAR product, a Site claim, or a proposed use. An institution's name is not a result: what a named test found is stated with the article, and with the standard and the report number where the report carries them.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 7, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.

Has any independent, non-company-commissioned researcher published an attempt — successful or failed — to replicate the destroy-on-contact effect?

The company publishes no record of an attempt by other researchers to replicate the result, successful or not.

The peer-reviewed paper the Validation page cites is Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23. The home page states that it was co-authored by 31 scientists from 18 research institutions, including Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, the University of Minnesota and the University of British Columbia. The paper reports laboratory results on SARS-CoV-2 in contact with treated textile, on aerosolised bovine coronavirus passed through a test filter in a wind tunnel, and on bacterial viability on treated textiles; each result belongs to the article that was tested. The published paper states that the work was supported by unrestricted grants from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc., and in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS), the KGH Foundation and the University of British Columbia Okanagan, and that its authors declare no conflict of interest; it also states: “A.R. receives consulting fees from C-POLAR Technologies, Inc.” Three of its 31 authors list C-POLAR Technologies as their affiliation. The work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health, grant AI132638, to M.K.M., which NIH RePORTER lists as Prof. Mansour's grant at Massachusetts General Hospital; the grant is printed in the paper's manuscript rather than in the published acknowledgments.

Source: C-POLAR — Validation, https://cpolar.tech/validation/; C-POLAR — Home, https://cpolar.tech/; Gong, Or, Sze et al., Microbiology Spectrum 12(9), e0409723, American Society for Microbiology, September 2024, doi 10.1128/spectrum.04097-23.

Reviewed on 21 September 2026.