How do licence and supply agreements work?
C-POLAR and NanoFlashing™ questions, with the company’s answers and the sources they come from.
Last reviewed: .
All questionsDoes a licence permit sublicensing to a contract manufacturer?
Whether a licence permits sublicensing to a contract manufacturer is set by the agreement that grants the licence.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsAre royalties charged on material purchased, products manufactured or products sold?
The base a royalty is charged on, whether material purchased, products manufactured or products sold, is set by the agreement that grants the licence.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. NanoFlashing™ is a technology; the name, rating and sale of a product that carries it are set by that product's maker and seller. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsCan returned goods be deducted from a royalty calculation?
What may be deducted from a royalty, returned goods included, is set by the agreement that grants the licence.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. NanoFlashing™ is a technology; the name, rating and sale of a product that carries it are set by that product's maker and seller. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsDoes the licensor have an audit right over the licensee's sales records?
An audit right over a licensee's records exists where the agreement between the parties gives it.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsWho pays for an audit if it finds only a small discrepancy?
Who pays for an audit, and at what threshold, is set by the agreement that provides for the audit.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsCan a licensee challenge an allegedly inaccurate royalty invoice without losing production rights?
How a royalty invoice is disputed, and what happens to production while the dispute runs, is set by the agreement between the parties.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. NanoFlashing™ is a technology; the name, rating and sale of a product that carries it are set by that product's maker and seller. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsDoes a minimum royalty continue during a supplier-caused shutdown?
Whether a minimum royalty continues through a shutdown is set by the agreement that imposes it.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsIs know-how licensed separately from patents?
Know-how and patents are separate grants, and each exists only where the agreement between the parties states it.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsDoes the licence include future improvements to the technology?
Whether future improvements fall inside a licence is set by the agreement that grants it.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsWho owns improvements developed jointly after the agreement is signed?
Who owns an improvement developed jointly is set by the agreement the parties sign.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsCan either party publish joint-development results without the other's approval?
Each partner controls what is said about its own work with C-POLAR, and the C-POLAR name and product names are used only with written permission.
The About page states that development runs configuration by configuration, and that each partner controls what is said about the work. The Terms of Use state that nothing on the Site authorizes anyone to manufacture, integrate, market, resell, or describe a product as C-POLAR-enabled, that nothing authorizes anyone to describe itself as a C-POLAR partner, and that written permission is required. They also state that a C-POLAR name, logo, trademark, or product name may not be used without written permission, and that no one may state or imply that C-POLAR has endorsed, licensed, partnered with, or verified a person, an organization or a product when it has not. What a particular joint programme may publish is written into the agreement that governs it.
Source: C-POLAR — About, https://cpolar.tech/about/, and C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 5, 8 and 9, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.
Reviewed on 21 September 2026.
All questionsDoes the agreement define a procedure for resolving conflicting technical specifications?
How conflicting technical specifications are resolved is set by the agreement between the parties.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsCan a change in control trigger termination even when performance is satisfactory?
Whether a change in control allows termination is set by the agreement between the parties.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsWould a force-majeure clause cover a shortage caused by avoidable underordering?
What a force-majeure clause covers is set by the wording of that clause in the agreement containing it.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsDoes a liability cap apply separately to confidentiality, intellectual property and product defects?
The Terms of Use set one combined cap for claims about the Site and its content, and that cap does not replace the liability terms of a signed agreement.
They state that the combined total monetary liability of all C-POLAR Parties for all claims arising out of or relating to the Site or Site Content will not exceed 100 U.S. dollars, regardless of the number of events, claims, or legal theories, and that no C-POLAR Party is liable for indirect, incidental, special, consequential, exemplary, or punitive damages. They state that these limits do not apply to fraud, willful misconduct or willful injury, gross negligence, death or personal injury caused by negligence, a violation of law or statutory right that cannot be limited, or another liability that applicable law does not allow the parties to limit. They also state that these limits do not replace the liability terms in a Separate Agreement or an express written C-POLAR warranty, so how confidentiality, intellectual property and product defects are treated between two businesses is set in that agreement.
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 14, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.
Reviewed on 21 September 2026.
Sources
Can an indemnified party choose its own lawyer?
For a third-party claim under the Terms of Use, counsel must be reasonably acceptable to the affected C-POLAR Party, and no settlement is made without that party's written consent.
The Terms of Use state that at the affected C-POLAR Party's written request the other party will defend the claim with counsel reasonably acceptable to that party, and that the C-POLAR Party may participate with its own counsel at its own cost. They state that a claim may not be settled without the affected C-POLAR Party's written consent, that the consent will not be unreasonably withheld, and that no settlement may admit fault by, impose a non-money obligation on, or fail to release a C-POLAR Party without that party's written consent. That section applies only where the Site or Site Content is used for a business or commercial purpose, and it does not reach a claim caused by a C-POLAR Party's own negligence, willful misconduct, breach, or violation of law. Defence and settlement under a licence or supply contract are set in that contract.
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 15, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.
Reviewed on 21 September 2026.
Sources
Who controls settlement of a third-party claim that affects both parties' reputations?
For a third-party claim under the Terms of Use, counsel must be reasonably acceptable to the affected C-POLAR Party, and no settlement is made without that party's written consent.
The Terms of Use state that at the affected C-POLAR Party's written request the other party will defend the claim with counsel reasonably acceptable to that party, and that the C-POLAR Party may participate with its own counsel at its own cost. They state that a claim may not be settled without the affected C-POLAR Party's written consent, that the consent will not be unreasonably withheld, and that no settlement may admit fault by, impose a non-money obligation on, or fail to release a C-POLAR Party without that party's written consent. That section applies only where the Site or Site Content is used for a business or commercial purpose, and it does not reach a claim caused by a C-POLAR Party's own negligence, willful misconduct, breach, or violation of law. Defence and settlement under a licence or supply contract are set in that contract.
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 15, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.
Reviewed on 21 September 2026.
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Does the contract require continued support during a termination notice period?
What support continues through a termination notice period is set by the contract between the parties.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsCan the buyer access essential know-how through escrow if the supplier stops operating?
Whether know-how is placed in escrow, and what releases it, is set by the agreement between the parties.
The Terms of Use define a Separate Agreement as a written agreement signed by an authorized C-POLAR officer. They state that nothing on the Site grants a patent, trademark, trade-secret, know-how, manufacturing, commercialization, or other technology license, and that accessing the Site or contacting C-POLAR through the Site does not create a partnership, agency, joint venture, distribution right, supply commitment, license, exclusive right, or other business relationship. They also state that a prospective partner may rely only on a commitment stated in a Separate Agreement, and that where these Terms conflict with a Separate Agreement, that document controls. Licence and supply terms of that kind are agreed in writing between the parties to a supply agreement, and the company does not publish them. A licensing enquiry goes to [email protected].
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, sections 1, 5, 6 and 8, https://cpolar.tech/terms/, and C-POLAR — Contact, https://cpolar.tech/contact/.
Reviewed on .
All questionsDoes the dispute clause permit urgent relief to protect confidential information?
Emergency relief is expressly preserved: the Terms of Use state that either party may seek temporary or emergency relief in any court with jurisdiction, and that doing so does not waive that section.
The same section requires a written notice describing the material facts, the legal basis and the relief requested before a lawsuit, and a wait of 30 days after that notice is received, with an exception where filing sooner is reasonably necessary to preserve a filing deadline. Nevada law and applicable United States federal law govern, and a lawsuit about the Terms is filed in the state courts in Clark County, Nevada or in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. Confidentiality obligations between two businesses, and the remedies for breaking them, are set in the signed agreement that creates them.
Source: C-POLAR — Terms of Use, section 16, https://cpolar.tech/terms/.
Reviewed on 21 September 2026.